Noel Zarnosky's Blog

The very first 3D printing began in Japan in the 1980s.  Hideo Kodama is credited as the inventor, although he was never able to obtain a patent.  The modern day model still remains similar looking to his prototypes.  The first patent was filed by Charles Hull, for Stereolithography.  3D printing is where layers of filament are laid on top of each other, then cured under a UV light.  Fused Deposition Modeling, or Fused Filament Fabrication, soon came, which was different because the filament was pushed through a heated nozzle rather than using a light.  The first commercial 3D printer became available in 2006, although they were not used widely by the public until the 2010s because of the price.  

3D printing used CAD technology, which allows for people to design models on a computer before it is actually printed.  This can be useful for making sure size, angles, and function will be ideal, and can save a lot of time with trial and error and having to reprint.  3D printing also uses a graphics card which makes the program run faster and smoother, a CPU for easy processing, a RAM, and a hard drive for extra storage. 

Over the years they have been used to make models, small functioning parts, hearing aids, and prosthetics.  Because the accuracy of printers has developed so well, it has allowed scientists to develop exact parts that work when they could not before.  The filaments used have changed over time as well.  Now, a variety of filaments are used, from plastic, glass and carbon fibers, and even food like chocolate.  By offering a variety of materials, it can be used in almost any circumstance.

While 3D printing is a very useful piece of technology, there are some dangers.  Questions about the safety of the filaments and how they impact our health, as well as the amount of energy the printers have to use to run.  Other problems include the ethical situation surrounding bioprinting, and the possibility of dangerous things that can be created.

Widespread adoption of this technology is revolutionary.  It is so versatile since it can produce pretty much anything out of any material.  In every aspect of life it can create convenience and solve problems.

As for the future, scientists have begun to develop a lot with 3D printers.  They are making rockets that will function more efficiently in space.  Electric cars and shuttles have been prototyped and tested.    Even a breakthrough in healthcare can be made, as scientists are experimenting with artificial tissues and other regenerative processes using collagen.  The future of 3D printing may not always be a success, but it seems promising for certain issues and has already helped a lot of people. 

Sources:

“The dark side of 3D printing: 10 things to watch”, Gilpin Lyndsey, Tech Republic, March 5, 2015, Accessed July 31, 2022, https://www.techrepublic.com/article/the-dark-side-of-3d-printing-10-things-to-watch/

“What Does the Future of 3D Printing Look Like?”, Suzuki Emily, Autodesk, January 5, 2021, Accessed July 31, 2022, https://www.autodesk.com/products/fusion-360/blog/3d-printing-future/

“When Was 3D Printing Invented? The History of 3D Printing”, BCN3D, May 15, 2020, Accessed July 31, 2022, https://www.bcn3d.com/the-history-of-3d-printing-when-was-3d-printing-invented/#:~:text=The%20first%20documented%20iterations%20of,was%20polymerized%20by%20UV%20light.

“5 Must Have Hardware for 3D Printing with CAD Software”, 3DEngr Submissions, 3DEngr.com, April 14, 2018, Accessed July 31, 2022, https://www.3dengr.com/5-must-hardware-3d-printing-cad-software.html

One of the most popular apps in the top ten from 2021 was Spotify.  Spotify, launched in 2008, is an app that gives its users access to music, podcasts and other digital media.  There are different plans with this app, which can provide certain benefits like no advertisements, unlimited skips, and downloads for offline listening.  These plans can range from free to $15.99.

Because the Spotify library is so big, it can be hard to find the types of songs you want.  One tip for narrowing down a search is to use keywords like year:1971-76, which will provide you with music from that time.  This also works with different categories like genre and label.  If you’ve found a song you like, but don’t know where to go from there, hit go to radio, and more from the same categories will be played.  Finally, one way to stay safer on Spotify is to opt-out of personalized ads, which can protect some of your identity.  You can also turn all of your privacy settings off through your profile settings.   

Another top ten from 2021 was Telegram.  This free app, built in 2013, functions like most other messenger apps, you can message others, have group conversations, and send files.  However, Telegram is special because it focuses on the safety of users, and uses an encryption code to protect all messages and files, and messages can even self-destruct.  Telegram provides open software, and they utilize the cloud so you can access your messages from any device, and easily store everything you need to.  One other bonus is that Telegram can send files up to 2GB in size.

This app’s basics already offer a lot, but there are many more tips and tricks to get even more.  One tip for using Telegram, is that the app can be set to automatically translate other languages.  They also have a “spoiler” button, if you would like a message to be hidden up to a specific point. Finally, you can save/pin important messages to refer back to at any time in a separate folder. 

Sources:

https://open.spotify.com/

https://telegram.org/

“Become a Telegram Master With These 10 Tips and Tricks”, Nield David, Featured, May 29, 2022, Accessed July 20, 2022, https://www.wired.com/story/10-telegram-tips-tricks/

“Getting Started”, Spotify, Accessed July 20, https://support.spotify.com/us/app-help/getting-started/

“Most Popular Apps (2022)”, Curry David, Business of Apps, May 11, 2022, Accessed July 20, 2022, https://www.businessofapps.com/data/most-popular-apps/

“Spotify for $0.99 a month? Music streaming service tests lower-cost plans”, Molina Brett, USAToday, August 4, 2021, Accessed July 20, 2022, https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2021/08/04/spotify-music-streaming-test-includes-plans-sta

rting-0-99-month/5482009001/

“What is Telegram and why should I use it?”, Gordon Adam Scott and Fernandez Nick, Android Authority, February 21, 2022, Accessed July 20, 2022, https://www.androidauthority.com/what-is-telegram-messenger-979357/

“15 Spotify tips to get more out of your Spotify Premium or free account”, Fernandez Nick, Android Authority, July 22, 2022, Accessed July 20, 2022, https://www.androidauthority.com/spotify-tips-free-premium-978381/

One application that I have used for as long as I can remember and never knew it was cloud based is Gmail, a system for exchanging emails.  It would only make sense though, as someone sends back and forth thousands of emails, and needs somewhere to store and save that information for future use.  This application likely would not work well if it were not on the cloud, because of all the storage required to maintain all the files, our devices would overload and crash frequently.  Having Gmail set up this way makes it so much easier as well to send things back and forth.  It allows for files and information to be readily available just with the internet, rather than finding files, uploading, and sending just for the other person to have to download and save your message.  Of course you still have the risk of spam, phishing, and a potential breach where you can lose important data if it isn’t backed up in any way.  Still, the convenience of the cloud probably trumps these risks in most cases.

Another application I use quite frequently that uses cloud based storage is Pandora.  It is an application that allows you to browse through tons of music and listen for free.  It was only a few years ago when they switched over to the cloud, and it runs a lot more smoothly now.  Because before they had to store all the music files to provide their listeners with, they had 13 billion stations supporting all the data, and still the usage was putting a strain on the programs and the workers, so the cloud based storage route is the better way.  This also makes it a whole lot faster and convenient for listeners.  There are risks of some small glitches, but nothing very damaging to the listener should be a concern. 

Sources:

“Gmail is an Example of What Type of Cloud Computing Service Model?”, Ratnesh, Security Escape, January 1, 2022, Accessed July 17, 2022, https://securityescape.com/gmail-is-an-example-of-what-type-of-cloud-computing-service-model/

“Why Pandora Is Moving Its Data to the Cloud”, Bob Keaveney, BizTech, April 11, 2019, Accessed July 17, 2022,  https://biztechmagazine.com/article/2019/04/why-pandora-moving-its-data-cloud-1

The internet is such a powerful tool in both good and bad ways.  It can make life a lot more convenient but can also open up a whole new list of crimes.  One example of bad behavior on the internet is the Morris Worm, which happened in 1998.

A Harvard graduate, named Robbert Morris, was experimenting with programming to create something that could slowly travel the internet, and released a worm. A worm is different from a typical virus because it does not need a software host, it can survive and spread on its own.  The worm slowed everything down on the internet, preventing emails from being sent for days and even slowing down military operations.  The cost of the damages caused by this went up to around $10 million, but it is hard to pinpoint exactly how much.  

Morris contacted a friend, panicked that he had let the worm out and asked him to send out an email of warning, but because emails would not go through, the word did not spread very far.  The friend then contacted The New York Times through an anonymous phone call, to warn of the worm and say it was an accident.  The friend used his initials for the owner of the worm, and they pieced together who it was.

The FBI launched an investigation, finding Morris and questioning him, as well as decrypting his files which contained all the evidence.  It was found that he had broken the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, which forbade access to protected computers without authorization.  He was found guilty by a jury, but was not sentenced to any jail time.  He was, however, fined, put under probation, and ordered to complete 400 hours of community service.

It may seem hard to protect yourself from a worm, as it cannot really be controlled.  After this incident though, our nation started developing cybersecurity and computer intrusion detection software.  There are still important measures of safety that can be taken to protect yourself from something like this.  First and foremost, get a strong antivirus and firewall system.  Also be careful on the internet, do not just click on random messages or ads, even in emails.  Finally, backup your important files and change passwords often.  A lot of prevention is just in paying attention to how you behave online, and keep yourself from being susceptible to falling victim to this bad behavior. 

Sources:

“Morris Worm”, fbi.gov, Accessed July 10, 2022, https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/morris-worm

“What Is a Computer Worm”, Vigderman Aliza, Turner Gabe, security.org, May 13, 2022, Accessed July 10, 2022, https://www.security.org/antivirus/computer-worm/

As the CIO of our company, I encounter a lot of threats to security and we need to be aware of what they are and how to overcome them.  One of the biggest threats are hackers.  This is also one of the more dangerous threats because it can directly impact our customers.  We run credit cards, billing, and payment information through our systems; If someone hacks into the systems, all of our customers’ information is available to them.  Two threats similar to this are if someone were to hack into our cloud storage, or a third party breach into the systems.  Both of these dangers put all of our information that deals with the business, and other businesses that we are involved with at risk.  If any of the supply chains are having security problems that can be a threat as well, since they have all of our information.  Finally we must be careful to watch out for spammers, as they can mislead to steal information.   

We have several systems at risk for these manipulations.  For one, our computers are subject to being hacked.  Being the main system that we use makes it crucial for them to be secure.  Also, Google Drives within our computer systems can be hacked, or information and files can be misplaced.  We also need to be careful with our credit card systems, as if they are hacked, all of our customers’ information can be stolen.  In relation to this, the wifi systems can be hacked, and then anything that runs on the wifi can be taken over.  The programs we use to create spreadsheets for billing and other information can be hacked, and without that information we cannot run our business.

With all of these issues and threats it may seem impossible to keep them away, however I have come up with a list of things we can do to make an effort to keep our systems as secure as possible.  With your cooperation, we are hoping to be able to make a safer environment for our customers and you.  Our goal and number one concern is your safety.

First and foremost, we need to start limiting what information is available to the public.  The bare minimum should be shared, only enough necessary for them to understand our business and how to become a customer.  In the same way we limit what the public knows, we need to limit the information the supply chains have.  If we limit this information, then if the supply chains are hacked, we can ensure that most of our information can stay safe.  We will also be changing the systems on the computers to limit the information they have access to, so we appreciate your compliance by not changing any settings back when prompted to.  It would also be appreciated if you would keep your Google Drive projects private, and keep backup files for everything you complete.  Finally we will be upgrading our cyber security insurance, to keep our customers, employees, and business safe. 

Sources:

“Top 3 Cyber Threats We See in Food & Beverage Manufacturing Supply Chains”, CybelAngel, March 1, 2022, Accessed July 3, 2022, 

https://cybelangel.com/top-3-cyber-threats-we-see-in-food-beverage-manufacturing-supply-chains/

There are resources to be found all over the internet about everything.  The world is just one search away.  However, there are many things to be considered when searching for an answer, such as how old the source is, how qualified someone is, feedback, and how well the source is written and communicates information in general.

One source that was helpful to me was one I actually used last night.  My parents got me a watch for Christmas, and I needed to take a few links out of it.  We tried to figure it out and find a screwdriver small enough to fit what we thought was a screw, but were unsuccessful.  Finally, at the end of June, six months later, I thought to try and look it up.  A video that popped up from 2011 had the solution.  Turns out those “screws” were just pins that would pop out with an easy push from the other side.  The guy who created the video did not have any qualifications or expertise to do with watches, he had received a watch as well and needed to resize it, and figured out how to do it.  People are very appreciative of him for posting this video from the comments and the likes it received.  The information was clear and simple and to the point.  I would recommend this video to anyone having trouble adjusting their watch.

The second source I found was lessons for playing the banjo.  The website is operated by Watch and Learn Inc. and they have been providing lessons for over 30 years through books and 10 online, so they are pretty qualified to provide this service.  Some of the videos look a bit outdated, but they appear to be regulating and adding content often.  The content is well written and easy to follow for players of any skill level.  Videos accompany all of the pages for demonstration purposes.  There is not a way for users to interact and give feedback, or like/dislike.  As someone who is trying to learn the banjo, I would definitely use this resource and recommend it to others.

The final resource I found is a list of outdoor places to visit in Ohio.  This summer I have been wanting to go to more parks and trails nearby to get out in nature.  This list, last updated on June 7th, 2022, was created by Tonya who founded the website, Travel Inspired Living, written in magazines, co-authored a book, and has spoken publicly about the outdoors.  She is very educated on this subject and is qualified to direct and teach others.  The article is well written and equipped with plenty of photos.  At the bottom there is a chat feature where readers can give feedback and interact with the author.  This would be a very useful resource for me and could help me to find cool places to visit outdoors. 

Watch tutorial: https://youtu.be/8uxpDXKOPqAhttps://

Banjo lessons: banjocompass.com/https://

Outdoor places in Ohio: travelinspiredliving.com/outdoor-places-to-visit-in-ohio/

A Content Management System is a very useful tool that can help build a website.  With or without training and knowing how to code, anyone can structure, customize, and regulate a website.  A CMS consists of a Content Management Application (CMA), which allows the addition and management of the parts in a site, and a Content Delivery Application (CDA), which stores the content and allows an audience to view it accordingly.  CMS is not limited to creating just for websites, it can be used for any kind of digital content.

A CMS is different from HTML/CSS coding in numerous ways.  For one, HTML/CSS coding can be more diverse, due to the fact that coding by hand gives the creator the option of making the site completely customized and anything they want, rather than having to rely on a limited number of plugins with a CMS.  On the flip side, a CMS can save a lot of time.  HTML/CSS coding can be extremely time consuming, even for just basic websites, therefore trying to structure a functional, interactive, and visually pleasing site can be very difficult.  It also saves time for the audience, as a CMS fares better with search engine optimization.  However, a CMS takes up a lot of memory, and is not recommended for building very large websites such as Amazon.  A CMS allows users to just choose additions and customizations for a website quickly, and type or upload content from there.  Also when considering the delivery factor of a website, a CMS allows one to edit a site from any computer, whereas with HTML/CSS it is most likely one would have to be on the original computer to edit and re-upload.  A CMS is typically the better option for the average website that does not need too much customization.

Content Management Systems can allow for things to run more smoothly in the web design industry.  While it may be argued that anyone can make a website with a CMS, others still have web designers do it for them to provide the cleanest, most visually appealing, and functional website as possible.  Also, it creates more jobs in the sense that a CMS requires people to design the plug-ins themselves for others to then utilize.

Sources:

“Static HTML websites vs. Dynamic CMS”, AMBERD, May 4, 2020, Accessed June 19, 2022,         https://www.amberddesign.com/static-html-vs-cms/

“What Is a Content Management System(CMS)?”, Kinsta, June 16, 2022, Accessed June 19, 2022,      https://kinsta.com/knowledgebase/content-management-system/

In 2019-2020, the top three social media sites that experienced the most traffic were Facebook with 2.9 Billion users monthly, YouTube with 2.2 Billion users monthly, and finally WhatsApp with 2 Billion users monthly.  Facebook is a platform used by people to connect and share information through things like pictures with others.  YouTube is a platform where people make a channel to post videos in order to inform or entertain people.  WhatsApp is a platform where people send messages back and forth containing photos, videos, text, or audio messages back and forth over the internet in order to communicate.

Demographics play a big role in social media.  Demographics are the statistics of the people using or being affected by something.  This ranges from age, to ethnicity, employment status etc.  This helps in social media for the company to know how to adapt their services and marketing to become more appealing to the right audiences.  

According to Hootsuite, in an article entitled “19 Facebook Demographics to Inform Your Strategy in 2022” by Claire Beveridge, one of the demographics that stand out the most is that “Facebook is the most popular social media network for men and women aged 35-44”.  This can help the company of Facebook to know to direct their marketing toward this specific age group.  Users of Facebook are also more likely to use Instagram and WhatsApp, other platforms now under the blanket company Meta.  An important demographic in YouTube is that there are more users in India (467 Million) than the United States (240 Million).  According to ThinkImpact, in “WhatsApp Statistics” states a notable statistic that “22% of users are on iOS and 73% are on Android.”  This can help the company to know how to format specific things so they will appear better on different devices.  

It can also be important to know how long people are spending on a platform.  In the article “How Much Time Do People Spend on Social Media in 2022?”, from techjury, Deyen G. states that “Facebook is the most popular, costing people an average of 2 hours and 24 minutes each day”…”Youtube takes an average of 40 minutes per day”…and ”An average user opens the WhatsApp app 23-25 times daily”.  These statistics can be important for companies to realize if their platform is being used more or less. It can also be helpful for blanket companies like Meta to know where to direct their funding.  In terms of which platform is growing the most, it is still Facebook.  I think this is because it is the most simple for people to connect with others and stay up to date on events.  On all three of these platforms, mobile usage has been on the rise, and usage of PC’s and tablets are constantly declining.

Sources:

“How Much Time Do People Spend on Social Media in 2022?”, G. Deyen, techjury, June 2, 2022, Accessed June 12 2022, https://techjury.net/blog/time-spent-on-social-media/#gref

“The Top 10 Social Media Sites & Platforms 2022”, Walsh Shelley, Search Engine Journal, May 30, 2022, Accessed June 12, 2022, https://www.searchenginejournal.com/social-media/biggest-social-media-sites/#close

“WhatsApp Statistics”, ThinkImpact, 2022, Accessed June 12, 2022, https://www.thinkimpact.com/whatsapp-statistics/#:~:text=US%20Statistics&text=As%20of%202020%2C%20WhatsApp%20had,represented%2017%25%20of%20the%20users.

“Youtube User Statistics 2022”, GMI Blogger, GMI, Accessed June 12, 2022,https://www.globalmediainsight.com/blog/youtube-users-statistics/#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20US%20internet,%25%20and%2066%25%20users%20respectively.

“19 Facebook Demographics to Inform Your Strategy in 2022”, Beveridge Claire, Hootsuite, March 24, 2022, Accessed June 12, 2022, https://blog.hootsuite.com/facebook-demographics/

In our everchanging world of technology, it can be important to understand who is using it, how they are using it and why.  For example, the device people are using to access the web plays an important role in web access.  According to research.com, “When it comes to mobile vs desktop traffic, a study by Statcounter (“Desktop vs mobile,” n.d.) found that 50.48% of web traffic comes from mobile devices. Meanwhile, desktop devices account for 46.51% of the total web traffic.” (Imed Bouchrika).  While at the start of the World Wide Web, web access came primarily from computers, it seems as though use from mobile devices has caught up and even surpassed computer use, and this trend is expected to continue.

It can also be helpful to understand what the internet is composed of and some of how it works.  The internet is not owned or controlled by one single person, instead it is made of internet service providers and applications that contain web URLs and their information.  It was created in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee.  An article from the World Wide Web Foundation entitled “Sir Tim Berners-Lee” states that in 1989 he was “working to ensure it was made freely available to all” and even now he still “seeks to ensure the web serves humanity by establishing it as a global public good and a basic right” (p. 2 Paul Clarke).

Now on to what the web offers and what it consists of.  For instance, one popular use for the web is blogs.  A blog is a website that is regulated and customized by a person, to provide information or entertainment to others.  Similarly offered to the public are responsive web designs.  These are websites that are coded to be responsive to “customers”, often consisting of buttons that do different things when clicked.  These websites are necessary for practically all purposes, from buying and selling products to streaming videos.  Speaking of videos, YouTube is another popular use of the web.  A large portion of the population has a YouTube channel set up, where they post content in order to entertain or inform the public.

These websites mean next to nothing unless people can locate them to utilize them, this is where SEO or Search Engine Optimization comes in handy.  SEO pulls certain terms and information from websites and looks for those certain things in a web search in order to recommend a website.  This can be crucial for website managers and owners to understand to make their website more accessible and become more likely to be recommended, which in turn means more business for the website.  Changing a website to improve it is called dynamic content.  Dynamic content that is always being bettered will also improve its search engine optimization.

Finally, for a website to exist, it must be built.  Something that helps in this process is a content management system.  It dramatically makes building and managing websites easier and less time consuming.  A great example is Word Press, which aims to help make content such as this blog.

Sources:

“Mobile vs Desktop Usage Statistics for 2021/2022”, Research.com, Imed  Bouchrika, February 24, 2021, accessed May 29,2022,  https://research.com/software/mobile-vs-desktop-usage#:~:text=When%20it%20comes%20to%20mobile,of%20the%20total%20web%20traffic.

“Sir Tim Berners-Lee”, World Wide Web Foundation, Paul Clarke, accessed May 29, 2022, https://webfoundation.org/about/sir-tim-berners-lee/

“What Is a Content Management System (CMS)?”, Kinsta, September 1, 2021, accessed May 29, 2022, https://kinsta.com/knowledgebase/content-management-system/

“What Is SEO / Search Engine Optimization?”, Search Engine Land, accessed May 29, 2022, https://searchengineland.com/guide/what-is-seo

“Who controls the World Wide Web?”, The Hindu, Deepa Kurup, May 27, 2012, accessed May 29 2022, https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/internet//article60445924.ece

Hi everyone, my name is Noel Zarnosky.  This is my second year here at COTC, and I am double majoring in Graphic Design and Web Development.  My blog posts will be about the introduction to e-life, and the different aspects of it as we go through the coming weeks.

Some of my hobbies are drawing, playing instruments, and outside activities.  My goal this summer is to go more places outside like to parks or trails nearby to connect with nature.  I have also been teaching myself the banjo.  I have a pet goldfish named Mac and I currently work at Red Oak Pub.

Someday I would like to live in the mountains and work in my dream job, Claymation.